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Kurumba, kurumbar, kurumba gounder - who are they?
  • 2025-06-22
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Kurumba, kurumbar, kurumba gounder - who are they?

Let’s explore Kurumba, Kurumbar, and Kurumba Gounder in more depth from four perspectives: history, social structure, reservation policy, and modern-day dynamics.


???? 1. Historical Roots

???? Kurumba / Kurumbar (ST)

  • Ancient Origins: Believed to be descendants of Pallava warriors or early Dravidian forest tribes.
  • Lifestyle: Traditionally hunter-gatherers, bee-keepers (Jenu Kurumbas), and forest dwellers in the Nilgiris and Western Ghats.
  • Colonial Records: British classified them as “primitive tribes” and studied their languages, which are a mix of Tamil, Kannada, and unique tribal dialects.

???? Kurumba Gounder (MBC)

  • Claimed Descent: Often trace lineage to Pallava or Vellalar communities—more agrarian and caste-integrated.
  • Pastoralists & Farmers: Traditionally herded sheep and goats, gradually shifting to agriculture.
  • Gounder Connection: Part of the broader Gounder umbrella, common in Kongu Nadu.

????‍????‍???? 2. Social Identity & Cultural Practices

Feature Kurumba/Kurumbar (ST) Kurumba Gounder (MBC)
Religion Animistic + Hinduism Shaivism / Mainstream Hinduism
Language Mix of tribal dialects + Tamil/Kannada Tamil (Kongu dialect)
Main Rituals Nature worship, forest deities, honey rituals Temple donations, coconut-breaking ceremonies
Community Role Marginal, forest-bound until recently Local influence in villages
Cultural Integration Less integrated historically Well integrated into mainstream caste system

????️ 3. Legal Classification

✅ Kurumba / Kurumbar

  • Category: Scheduled Tribe (ST)
  • Reservation: ST quota – central & state level (education, jobs, land rights)
  • Protections: Forest Rights Act, PESA, SC/ST Atrocities Act

✅ Kurumba Gounder

  • Category: Most Backward Class (MBC) – Tamil Nadu state list
  • Reservation: MBC quota (20% in Tamil Nadu state institutions)
  • No central ST benefits: Only state-specific MBC benefits apply

???? 4. Modern-Day Realities

Kurumba / Kurumbar (ST)

  • Education: Low literacy, but improving with targeted tribal hostels and Ashram schools.
  • Economic Status: Often poor, dependent on forest produce or government schemes.
  • Challenges: Land rights issues, displacement, malnutrition in tribal belts.

Kurumba Gounder (MBC)

  • Education & Employment: Better access due to MBC benefits and village-level integration.
  • Social Status: Respected among agrarian communities; some local political representation.
  • Caste Mobilization: Part of the Gounder caste networks in western Tamil Nadu.

???? Final Thought

Even though the names sound similar, Kurumba, Kurumbar, and Kurumba Gounder represent three very different social realities:

  • Tribal identity with ancient roots and ST status,
  • Caste-based agrarian identity with MBC benefits,
  • And a rich cultural blend that reflects Tamil Nadu’s deep social history.

 



Similar Posts : Maleeswari - God of Kurumbas, Who are Kurumba Gounder, Maleeswari - The Mother Goddess of Hills and Forests, Kurumba, kurumbar, kurumba gounder - who are they?, MettuMahadhanapuram mahalakshmi and kurumba,

See Also:kurumba kurumbar kurumba gounder

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